秋季儿童容易鼻出血

2025-03-31 09:27:38
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

  每年秋季 ,由于气候干燥多风 ,许多孩子都容易发生鼻出血的现象。这种鼻出血数量一般都不大 ,也容易止住。鼻子出血前毫无预兆 ,好端端的孩子 ,又没有摔跤 ,鼻血就流淌出来 ,上医院检查不出大的毛病 ,这就是秋季儿童发生鼻出血的特点。

  那么 ,秋季儿童为何容易发生鼻出血呢 ?

  首先是因为人体鼻粘膜中的毛细血管丰富 ,细小而又脆弱 ,儿童的鼻粘膜血管更是如此。当气候干燥多风时 ,鼻粘膜分泌的液体挥发较快 ,鼻内容易结痂。大家知道 ,一般小孩都有挖鼻孔的不良习惯 ,倘若抠去结痂或挖伤血管 ,导致鼻粘膜的毛细血管破裂 ,就会发生鼻出血。

  其次是秋天的气候 ,早、中、晚之间的温差变化较大。一会儿热 ,一会儿冷 ,鼻内毛细血管为了适应外界气温的影响 ,也就出现一会儿扩张 ,一会儿收缩的状态。由于小儿鼻内毛细血管本来就娇嫩 ,难以适应这种变化 ,这样也会导致鼻内毛细血管破裂而发生出血。

  另外 ,秋季某些疾病的发病率也较高 ,比如 ,普通感冒、过敏性鼻炎、乙型脑炎等。由于疾病的因素 ,比如发烧会引起鼻腔内充血 ,毛细血管因高度扩张而破裂 ,也会发生鼻出血。遇到小儿发生鼻出血 ,家长们不要惊慌。病情重者应立即带孩子上医院 ,轻者可自行处理。在给孩子止鼻血时 ,首先应用手指压迫鼻翼 ,稍微向内向上用力即可止住。有条件的可取消毒棉球或纱布一团塞进鼻孔 ,再用上法压迫止血 ,一般捏鼻 5至 10分钟 ,血就可能止住。

  预防秋季儿童鼻出血 ,在鼻腔干燥时 ,可用棉团蘸净水擦拭鼻腔 ,同时 ,也可除去结痂 ;平时可用中药白茅根 30克、藕节 20克、芦根 15克 ,煎水后加适量蜂蜜频频饮服 ;饮食上不要吃辛辣上火的东西 ,应多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果 ,并注意补充足够的水分 ,多喝水或清凉饮料 ,必要时可服用适量的维生素 C、 A、 B _ 2。另外 ,教育孩子不要用手指挖鼻孔 ,保持大便通畅。这些措施对于防止小儿鼻出血都是十分有利的。

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