通常意义上说,古希腊文学对古罗马文学的影响表现在什么方面?
推荐回答(5个)
应该指出的是,“共和时代”是一个政治概念,而“黄金时代”和“白银时代”则是两个主要根据拉丁语言的发展和问题特征定性的名称。
共和时代止于公元前30年,实际上也包含了70年的黄金时代。此外,作为一个政治概念,共和时代始于公元前510年,但作为一个与文学发展相关的名称,它的起始则从前240年算起。而尽管以罗马为首都的西罗马帝国覆灭于公元476年,学术界通常仍习惯于将公元2世纪中期(130-150)作为古罗马文学的终点。

2世纪中期以后的拉丁语文学被定义为“后古典拉丁文学”,这一时期的拉丁语文学已经开始向中世纪基督教文学过渡,不属于传统意义上的古罗马文学了。
在希腊化时期,罗马就输入了许多希腊作品,加以翻译和摹仿。在公元前146年罗马灭亡希腊之后,更是将全部希腊神话、诗歌和戏剧据为己有,找了许多从希腊俘虏来的奴隶来做家庭教师,让他们编剧作诗,并研究各种科学,这使得古罗马文学染上了浓厚的希腊色彩。

以神话为例,同希腊文化接触后,许多罗马的神祇便同希腊的神祇结合起来。如罗马人信奉的主神朱庇特便等同于希腊的宙斯,他的妻子朱诺则等同于赫拉。至于太阳神阿波罗和文艺女神缪斯等则直接进入罗马神话,连名字都没有变。
当然,古罗马文学也并非全是古希腊文学的仿造品,因为它毕竟是罗马社会的产物,其采用的语言是拉丁语。在西方学术界,古罗马文学被认为是广义的拉丁文学的一部分。与古希腊海洋民族不同,古罗马属于内陆民族,主要以耕牧方式生存,具有上古农民和牧民粗鄙、蒙昧、淳朴的特点。

建国之后的古罗马崇尚武力,追求社会与国家、法律与集权的强盛与完美,其文学具有更强的理性精神和集体意识,具有庄严崇高的气质,却也缺少希腊文学生动活泼的灵气和无拘无束的儿童式的天真烂漫。古罗马文学在艺术上强调均衡、严整、和谐,重视修辞与句法,技巧上偏于雕琢与矫饰。
表现在古罗马时期的方方面面,当时的人们的一切都是古希腊演变过来的。
表现出罗马的文学的重要性,毕竟西方国家的文学是世界文明的
这两个国家的文化和历史其实都是比较接近的,表现在人文,文献和历史中。
古希腊文学一直是欧洲盛行的文化,罗马文化其实也是由他演变而来的
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