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创设良好的体育课堂心理气氛------体育课堂教学心理气氛是体育教学过程中相当稳定的集体情绪状态,是教学中集体心理动态结构的特点之一.是体育教学活动的心理背景。体育课堂教学心理气氛具有相对稳定性和流动变化性的特点。心理气氛形成后.会成为一种团体的环境压力对每个成员产生影响,并持续一段时间。强烈、浓厚的集体情绪状态有时会持续一堂课。但在很多时候,由于教学内容、方法的变化,学生完成动作的成败,师生交往或学生之间的冲突等原因,课堂集体心理气氛会发生起伏变化。从而对每个成员的情绪产生震动和感染.使每个成员的心理活动随课堂气氛的变化而变化。
体育新课标的教学理念使我们更加重视创设一种愉快、和谐、安全而又充满感情的课堂教学心理气氛,这种心理气氛的建立需要教师多方面的努力,如教师角色的转化、教学组织形式的改变、移情地理解学生、自我评价的提倡以及安全的心理环境的形成等等。这种努力必将使教学活动更加有效,从而促进学生健康成长。
认为师生之间平等、独立、自由的交往对学生成长的意义不仅在于学习的进步,更意味着诸如情感、意志等方面的完善,是学生完整自我形成的必要条件。古希腊普鲁塔戈在三千年前说:“头脑不是一个要被填满的容器,而是一支需要被点燃的火把。”在课堂教学中,体育技能的传授并不是教师工作的全部,培养学生的独立性、创造性、自主学习的能力更是教师工作的重点。因此,创设独立、自由的课堂心理气氛是人的思想能够充分发挥的前提。
觉得和学生在一起最重要的是相互信任,有归属感。人人都希望尊重与信任,尤其是现在的中学生们,自尊心都比较强,他们总希望得到家长、教师的尊重、信任与鼓励,取得成绩时,希望给予肯定;而犯错误时,在内疚的同时亦希望得到谅解。尊重学生最有效的方法就是信任学生。如果教师能信任和支持学生,学生将越加确信自己;如果学生信任和支持教师,教师也将更加容易实现自己的教学机智。在某种意义上,这种学习的准备性是一种无限的推动力。
人是社会的产物,最强烈的需要就是归属感,当学生感到自己不受重视或没有归属感的时候,他们就会产生不正确的念头,从而经常导致不良行为。因此体育教师应该建立以人为中心的课堂环境,帮助学生让其感受到自己是班级的成员,而不是匆匆过客,他要为自己的行为负责任。
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