A~J均为有机化合物,它们之间的转化如下图所示: 实验证明: ①D既能发生银镜反应,又能与金属钠

2025-04-06 12:10:56
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

A→F的过程是比较简单的,都是常规反应

A、由1,3-丁二烯加成Br2而来,加热条件,因此应为1,4加成产物,CH2Br-CH=CH-CH2Br

B、碱性水解,CH2OH-CH=CH-CH2OH

C、催化加氢,CH2OH-CH2-CH2-CH2OH

D、催化氧化,CH2OH-CH2-CH2-CHO

E、银镜反应,酸化,CH2OH-CH2-CH2-COOH

F、浓硫酸加热,发生的是分子内酯化反应


A→J的过程看起来比较复杂,但是抓住特征性的反应条件就不难发现:

G—Cl2/H2O→H—Ca(OH)2→I

这是非常标志性的反应条件,G中含有双键,通过Cl2/H2O生成α-氯代醇,再经Ca(OH)2处理生成三元环醚。

G、浓硫酸加热,分子内两个羟基间脱水,生成氧杂环

H、生成双键经Cl2加成后水解

I、α-氯代醇经Ca(OH)2处理生成三元环醚

J、水解,三元环打开,生成二醇

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