为什么柴油机有喷火嘴

2025-03-26 17:04:31
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

1.喷火嘴的原理以及什么情况下需要清洗:

喷火嘴其实就是个简单的电磁阀,当电磁线圈通电时,产生吸力,针阀被吸起,打开喷孔,燃油经针阀头部的轴针与喷孔之间的环形间隙高速喷出,形成雾状,利于燃烧充分.

喷油量多少的控制:同一类型的电喷车,汽油泵的压力是恒定的,不论节气门的开度大小,www.sdwat.com只要经过燃油压力调节器的调节,喷油嘴的压力始终都是恒定的.喷油嘴是和燃油泵及燃油压力调节器严格配套使用的,只有设计的压力,喷油嘴才能达到最佳的雾化效果,压力低于设计压力,喷出的油不是雾状,呈柱状,不宜与空气混合;压力过大,喷出的油呈圆锥面形状,也不易混合,并且喷射的力量太大,很多的燃油直接就喷到管壁上,直接影响混合比参数。不论是加速还是怠速,压力都应当恒定.不同的车型压力也各不相同.(有朋友提到的清洗机的几挡选择,其实是针对不同车型的压力选择,并不是加速怠速的压力不同,错误选择了喷油压力,喷油嘴雾化不良).

喷油量的多少,取决于喷油时间的长短,喷油器按电磁线圈的控制方式不同,分为电压驱动式和电流驱动式两种,电压式也分低阻和高阻的,高阻的可以接12V电,低阻的只能接低电压,错接在12V上时间稍长会烧线圈.喷油时,电脑提供的电压是恒定的,比如说12V,断油时马上变为0V,这个变化是瞬时的,就像是电脑语言里面的0和1一个概念,中间没有0.5之说.换言之,这是一个脉动的直流电信号.并非什么交流电等等一类的名词,交流电什么概念呢?正负交错才叫交流电.好像汽车里面除了发电机整流器以前的部分,基本上接触不到交流电.

当喷油嘴堵塞时,喷油不畅,或者喷油嘴间隙有积碳及胶合物,达不到设计的喷油量或雾化效果,才需要清洗.

2.喷油嘴的清洗不要上纲上线,更不要时间长不清洗心理感觉难受.

事实上我接触过的电喷车,真正需要清洗的微乎其微.一个是燃油经过汽油泵的密网过滤后,再经过燃油滤清器的过滤,流过喷油嘴的汽油,杂质颗粒的大小和喷油嘴的间隙相比不是一个数量级,放心,堵不了.另一个,汽油含有的胶合物,经过间隙时经汽油的高速喷出,很难存住,所谓的水滴石穿.更何况每天无数次的针阀与接触面的强力敲打,此处谈何结胶? 再一个,大部分车型都是采用的缸外喷射方式,此处温度也不高,比起火花塞的工作环境好上几倍,说实话,想出点故障都难.

真正容易影响雾化的位置应该是喷油嘴的喷油口的外表面.燃烧不好的车,容易引起反冲,污染这个位置.这也是一分为二的,燃烧好的车,不会反冲,燃烧不好的车,即使清洗干净了,跑不几公里又污染了,洗了也没用,治病先除根.举个例子,燃烧很好的车,不论什么时候打开火花塞,都是干净的;烧的不好的车,即使你换个新的火花塞,5分钟后你再拿下来看,还是黑黑的,全是积碳.

事实上,所谓的高级清洗剂,都是含笨或苯类芳香烃之类的东西,加入发动机燃烧的同时能够融解部分积碳,最便宜的清洗剂是化油器清洗剂,也可以加进去燃烧,4块钱一瓶,当然也有好一些的品牌,但价格决不象炒作的天价.其实发动机正常燃烧也是一个不断产生积碳同时也不断烧蚀掉积碳的过程,是一个相对守恒的过程,完全不存在积碳是不存在的.有些朋友每当看到清洗积碳时排气管子后面流出的黑水,总会心理感觉很好,其实那些黑水90%都不是发动机内部的积碳.更何况,洗干静以后,再烧汽油还是继续产生一定的积碳,直到平衡状态.意义不大

回答2:

可能是供油时间晚了。

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