豚鼠有什么习性?能训练吗?

2025-03-26 16:14:30
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

  1. 采食行为
  豚鼠是严格的草食动物,喜食纤维素较多的禾本科嫩草或干饲草。在自然光照条件下,日夜采食,两餐之间有较长的休息期。饥饿时听到饲养人员的声音特别是拿饲料的声音时会发出“吱吱”的叫声,常整群一齐尖叫。豚鼠愉快时能发出“啾啾”类似鸟鸣的声音。豚鼠属于饮食不洁的动物,如果使用的食具不得当,豚鼠常在食物上边吃边排便或把食物扒散、将饮水喷出,饲喂新鲜牧草和把饲料拌湿后饲喂后可不用另给饮水。
  2. 群居行为
  一雄多雌的群体构成明显的群居稳定性。表现为成群活动、休息或集体采食、紧挨躺卧。幼鼠跟随成鼠追逐发情的雌鼠。群体中占支配地位的豚鼠会咬其它豚鼠的毛。在拥挤或应激情况下,也可发生群内1只或更多动物被其它个体咬毛,毛被咬断,呈斑状秃,而造成皮肤创伤和皮炎。如果放入新的雄鼠,雄鼠之间会发生激烈斗殴,导致严重咬伤。
  3. 性情
  豚鼠性情温顺,不会攀登,较少斗殴,很少咬伤工作人员,但脚趾锋利,可有抓伤。
  豚鼠胆小,喜欢安静、干燥、清洁的环境。突然的声响、震动或环境变化,可引起四散奔逃、转圈跑或呆滞不动,甚至引起孕鼠流产。对经常性搬运和扰动很不习惯,搬运、重新安置或触摸可使豚鼠体重在24~48小时内明显下降,情况稳定后又很快恢复。这种现象很易影响试验结果,应引起注意。
  4. 听觉
  豚鼠听觉非常发达,能识别多种不同的声音,它听到的音域远大于人。当有尖锐的声音刺激时,常表现为耳廓微动以应答,即听觉耳动反射。听觉耳动反射减弱或缺失是听觉机能不良的表现。
  二、繁育特性
  豚鼠的性周期为16.5(12~18)天,妊娠期68(62~72)天,哺乳期21天,产仔数4(1~7)只,为全年、多发情性动物,并有产后性周期。胚胎在母体发育完全,出生后即已完全长成,全身被毛,眼张开,耳竖立,并已具有恒齿,产后一小时即能站立行走,数小时能吃软饲料,2~3日后即可在母鼠护理下边吸吮母乳,边吃饲料

回答2:

1.喜群居,头大,颈短、耳圆、无尾,全身被毛,四肢较短,前肢有四趾,后肢有三趾,有尖锐短爪,有抓人的习惯,不喜于攀登和跳跃,故可放无盖小水泥池中进行饲养。习性温顺,胆小易惊,有时发出吱吱的尖叫声,喜干燥清洁的生活环境。

  2.嗅觉、听觉较发达,对各种刺激均有极高的反应,如对音响、嗅味和气温突变等均极敏感,故在空气混浊和寒冷环境中易发生肺炎,并引起流产,受惊时亦易流产。

  3.豚鼠是草食性动物,嚼肌发达而胃壁非常薄,盲肠特别膨大,约占腹腔的1/3容积,粗纤维需要量比家兔还要多,但不象家兔那样易患腹泻病。

  4.豚鼠食量较大,对习惯了的食欲旺盛,但对变质的饲料特别敏感,常因此减食或废食,甚至引起流产。对抗菌素也特别敏感,投药后容易引起死亡和肠炎,如使用青霉素,不论剂量多大,途径如何,均可引起小肠和结肠炎,甚至使其发生死亡。对青霉素的敏感性比小鼠高1000倍,故用青霉素治疗时应特别小心。与大鼠和小鼠相反,它夜间少食少动。

  5.豚鼠属于晚成性动物,即母鼠怀孕期较长,为63(59~72)天,胚胎在母体发育完全,出生后即已完全长成,全身被毛,眼张开,耳竖立,并已具有恒齿,产后一小时即能站立行走,数小时能吃软饲料,2~3日后即可在母鼠护理下一边吸吮母乳,一边吃青饲料或混合饲料,迅速发育生长。

训练的话你可以尝试,但不保证成功,毕竟每只的智商都有差别,比如电视上人家鸭子会跟主人散步,普通鸭子就不行。所以你可以挖掘下,看它有无特长。

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