语文不及物动词

2025-04-03 12:39:33
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

及物动词和不及物动词的区别在于所带的宾语不同。不及物动词只能带准宾语(动量宾语,时量宾语和数量宾语)。
邢公畹先生主编的《现代汉语教程》中认为:不及物动词是不能后加表示支配关涉对象的成分的动词。其中有能后加时量,动量成分的如“走,跑,起来”,有不能后加时量,动量成分的,如“到来,着眼,游泳,鞠躬”。
张斌先生主编的《新编现代汉语》中认为:不及物动词在一般情况下不能带宾语。述宾式不及物动词大都可以分离,如“鞠了个躬,生谁的气,站好最后一班岗”。
范晓先生的《三个平面的语法观》中按照功能框架:“动词+实词”→动宾短语(不插入任何成分的动宾短语)把动词分为有宾动词和无宾动词两类。如:
“你别生气”(王汶石)
“一天晚上,轮着高屯儿站岗”(赵树理)
“老爷子大概又在气喘呢!(曹禺)
“鸡叫了”(杨朔)→
“这一年没有完毕,我已经到东京了。”(鲁迅)
“病人还未苏醒。”(徐迟)
上述例子中的“生气,站岗,气喘,叫,完毕,苏醒”等动词都不带宾语;离开句子,不能组成任何动宾短语;所以都是无宾动词。

回答2:

在英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可以把动词分成两种:及物动词与不及物动词。字典里词后标有vt. 的就是及物动词,字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词,而及物动词后能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。

所谓“及物”,“及”有“从后头跟上、达到、关联”等意,“及物”说明需要带“物”来完成一个动作,这个动作是有对象的,这个对象就是它后面要加的宾语,也就是通常意义上的宾语,一般后面可直接加宾语的动词,有被动形式;而不及物动词是没有被动式的,它的动作没有对象,只是表示某种状态。不可直接加宾语,需加上介词,及物动词后面可直接加宾语,而不及物动词后面不可直接加宾语,一般要先加介词后再接宾语。实际上很多动词既是及物动词,又是不及物动词。

及物动词指可以接名词·代词·动名词做宾语的动词。

中文名

回答3:

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回答4:

春词(刘禹锡)马嵬坡(郑畋)

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