几道高中英语题，求详细解释

一开始看见有许多个回答，以为没我可做的事，但把各个回答看完，发现都不是完全正确，所以我也来凑个热闹，说说我的答案。
①Dr. Zhong was chosen to _____our hospital at the international meeting
A. represent B. stand for C. instead of D. take the place of
选A 正确。represent “代表一群人并为他们的利益说话”。stand for 指“缩写或符号代表某个意思”。instead of “代替”，是介词短语。take the place of “取代”。

②There is nothing unusual. All _____ going well.
A. has B. is C. have D. are
选 B 正确。这里 all 指“一切事情”，作为单数对待。如果 all 表示“所有的人”，则是复数含义。

③He _____ the story to be false. Which of the following is WRONG?
A. declared B. regarded C. considered D. believed
选 B 正确。这一题是找出错误的选项。declare sb./sth. to be + adj./n. “宣称某人或某物是……”，consider sb./sth. to be + adj./n.“认为某人或某物是……”，believe sb./sth. to be + adj./n. “认为某人或某物是……”，regard sb./sth. as …“认为某人或某物是……”。这几个词只有 regard 后面不能接 to be 作宾补。

④Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _____ international trade
A. a; / B. the; an C. the; the D. /; the
选A 正确。a knowledge of “精通”，trade“商业，贸易”，是不可数名词。

⑤At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.
A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed
C. being opened and closed D. to open and close
选C正确，指“课桌正在被打开和关上时所发出的声音”，这句话在十几年前的人教社统编教材高二英语课本中 The Last Lesson（最后一课）原文中出现。

⑥Having _____ no-meat day would be a good way of encouraging ______ low-carbon lifestyle.
A. a; the B. a；a C. the; the D. the; a
选 A 正确。a no-meat day 表示“具有某种特点的一天（或一个上午下午等）”用不定冠词，the low-carbon lifestyle 特指“低碳生活方式”。

⑦—Will you go to the party tomorrow, Lily?
—No, ____ I was invited to.
此题选项没给出。个人认为用 though /although 表示让步比较合适，如果用 unless，则后面要用现在时态，如说成 unless I am/have been invited to.

⑧With all the problems ______, the manager left for home,_____.
A. solved; satisfied B. to be solved; with satisfaction
C. being solved; satisfied D. Having been solved; with satisfaction
选 A 正确。with all the problems solved “所有的问题都已经被解决”。B 选项中不定式to be solved 在时间上指将来，“所有的问题将要被解决”，还没有被解决，经理怎么会满意呢？C. being solved “正在被解决”，都不恰当。D 选项放在 with sth. 结构中是错误的用法。如果把D 放入后面一句，说成 Having been solved, the manager left for home, satisfied. 则 the manager 是 having been solved 的逻辑主语，“经理被解决了，经理满意地回家去。”意思是荒谬的。所以第一空一定要用过去分词 solved 作宾补。
第二空 satisfied 用过去分词，作伴随状语，说明经理回家去时的心情，这里用过去分词，其用法可以从固定词组 be satisfied with sth. 找到原型。
希望对你有帮助。

①Dr.Zhong was chosen to _____our hospital at the internationgal meeting
A.represent B.stand for C.instead of D.take the place of
选A A represent 代表 一般指由一个人代表一些人
B stand for 一般指的是代表。。。的立场
C to do 不定式后面不能加 介词词组
D take the place of 代表。。。的位置，以。。。。的身份。。

②There is nothing unusual.All_____going well.
A.has B.is C.have D.are
选D
后面是going所以只有从B D 后面选 一般all 后面加are 虽然意思上可能有单数的意思 但是形式上要用are

③He_____the story to be false.Which of the following is WRONG?
A.declared B.regarded C.considered D.believed
选B 这个题是问的那个是错误的 请注意
A 宣布 B 后悔 意思上不通 C 认为 D 相信
④Many people agree that______knowledge of English is a must in_____international trade
A.a;/ B.the;an C.the;the D./;the
选 A
具体的某种知识用 a knowledge of
international trade 不用加the 因为不是专有名词
⑤At the beginning of class,the noise of desks____could be heard outside the classroom.
A.opened and closed B.to be opened and closed
C.being opened and closed D.to open and close
选 C
正在被打开的和被关闭的桌子的响声 正在被怎样用being
⑥Having_____no-meat day would be a good wayof encouraging______low-carbon lifestyle.
A.a;the B.a/a C.the;the D.the;a
选 A
have a 。。。day 不用the 低碳生活方式 the low-carbon lifestyle
⑦—Will you go to the party tomorrow,Lily?
—No,____I was invited to.
没有选项
⑧With all the problems______,the manager left for home,_____.
A.solved;satisfied B.to be solved;with satisfaction
C.being solved;satisfied D.Having been solved;with satisfaction
选 A
with sth done
satisfied 放在逗号后面作主语补足语 with satisfaction 不需要加逗号

1a 代表;
2b all当做整体单数;
3c consider sb.to be + 形容词（to be可省）
4a a knowledge of English is a must in international trade

例子：he has a good knowledge of hunting
knowledge指一个范畴的知识时可以用可数形式，但是话说回来我没见过knowledges 指多个范畴的，呵呵~

international trade是一个大类，不是独一的，不用加the
5c 1.被动.2.正在发生
6a 语感
7无选项
8d
所有问题都解决后,经理满意地回家了.
with satisfaction 很好理解 介词加名词,这里表示经理的状态.做主句状语.
如 he came to me with a big smile.
第二空没什么好讲的.
with all the problems having been solved.做状语
跟with satisfaction一样,只是后面多了个problems的后置定语 having....
having强调了已经;been是被动

1.A.represent为正确选项。
represent多用来指实体代表,如代表公司参加会议；stand for多用在抽象物体代表。至于 C.instead of D.take the place of分别是“而不”和“取代”的意思，词义明显不对。

2. B.is为正确选项。
这里的all泛指抽象的“一切”的意思，相当于everything，当单数。

3. B.regarded
declare,consider,believe 都可以用 “declare/consider/believe sb/sth to be +形容词/名词 ”结构，而regard不能，它只能用于“regard sb/sth as +名词”结构中。

4. A.a;/ 为正确选项
a knowledge of sth 是“一项（种）。。。知识或技能”，固定搭配；international trade泛指“国际贸易”，前面不用冠词。

5.C.being opened and closed为正确选项
句子的“desk”一词打错了，应该是“door”才对。 这里用现在分词的被动形式being opened and closed做定语，修饰door。

6. A.a;the为正确选项
a ...day泛指“无肉日”；the 。。。lifestyle 特指“低碳生活方式”

7.D.even if为正确选项。
根据题意，只有D.even if（“即使”）才对。意思是“即使我被邀请，我也不去。。。”

8. A.solved;satisfied 为正确选项
第一个空是“with+名词或代词+过去分词”结构，属于独立主格结构的一种形式，做原因状语；第二个空的satisfied是过去分词做伴随状语，修饰谓语left for的。
成分分析：主语----- the manager
谓语-----left for
宾语-----home
原因状语----- With all the problems solved
伴随状语-----satisfied

①Dr.Zhong was chosen to _____our hospital at the internationgal meeting
A.represent B.stand for C.instead of D.take the place of

选A，represent ，stand for 是容忍的意思，instead of 需加be ，take the place of 是代替，而不是代表的意思
②There is nothing unusual.All_____going well.
A.has B.is C.have D.are
All表示泛指，用单数，选B
③He_____the story to be false.Which of the following is WRONG?
A.declared B.regarded C.considered D.believed
选D，出了D之外，其他都可以接名词+to do的复合结构
④Many people agree that______knowledge of English is a must in_____international trade
International trade前面需要加the 表示强调范围，表示特指，排除A,B，knowledge of 表示泛指，选D
A.a;/ B.the;an C.the;the D./;the
⑤At the beginning of class,the noise of desks____could be heard outside the classroom.
A.opened and closed B.to be opened and closed
C.being opened and closed D.to open and close
根据语境，open和close这个动作正在进行，从而排除B,D，A，选C
⑥Having_____no-meat day would be a good way of encouraging______low-carbon lifestyle.
A.a;the B.a/a C.the;the D.the;a
用a 表示泛指，选B，后面的a 还有“一种，某种”的意思
⑦—Will you go to the party tomorrow,Lily?
—No,__i won’t_ for _I was invited to.

⑧With all the problems______,the manager left for home,_____.
A.solved;satisfied B.to be solved;with satisfaction
C.being solved;satisfied D.Having been solved;with satisfaction
当所有问题都解决了之后，经理带着一丝满足感回家了。
这里考查了with +名词或代词+过去分词的复合结构，problem和solve之间是动宾关系，所以用被动。因为solve这个动作已经完成，不强调对现在的影响，所以排除B,C,D，直接选A，后面的satisfied是一个过去分词作为伴随状语。Satisfied可以还原为，and he was satisfied，只是后面把and he was 省略了而已

1.B,代表
2.B.All作单数
3.B.
4.A.knowledge指一个范畴的知识时可以用可数形式，international trade是一个大类，不是独一的，不用加the。
5.C.作为一个名词性短语，在前面部分一起在整个句子中充当主语的成分
6.A.第一空指的是一天没有肉的生活，表泛指，用a。后一个空，是特指低碳，用the
7.I wish,或unless
8.A.网上搜到的答案，不知道为什么。