酚醛树脂的制取原理

2025-04-03 16:10:59
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

缩聚反应.
苯酚羟基邻位上2个H与HCHO中O脱去,形成1个水.
n (C6H5)-OH + n HCHO ----> -[-(C6H5OH)-CH2-]-n + n H2O

回答2:

苯酚和甲醛 苯酚羟基邻位上的两个氢和甲醛的氧脱去一份水

回答3:

1、热塑性酚醛树脂。采用甲醛和苯酚,在酸性条件下反应(ph小于3),生成线性酚醛树脂;
2、热固性酚醛树脂。采用甲醛和苯酚,在碱性条件下反应,常用催化剂有氢氧化钠、氨水、氢氧化钡等,固化后生成体形酚醛树脂。
性质:
主要用于生产压塑粉、层压塑料;制造清漆或绝缘、耐腐蚀涂料;制造日用品、装饰品;制造隔音、隔热材料等。它是由苯酚和甲醛在催化剂和一定温度等条件下缩聚、经中和、终止反应而制成的树脂。因选用催化剂的不同,可分为热固性和热塑性两类。酚醛树脂具有良好的力学性能、耐热性能,广泛应用于防腐蚀工程、胶粘剂、阻燃材料、砂轮片制造等行业。
图1:酚醛树脂结构示意图
c6h5o-ch2(c6h4o-ch2-)nc6h5o

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