五音十二律分别是什么?

2024-12-13 09:19:08
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

五音即宫、商、角、徵、羽

十二律即黄钟、太簇、姑洗、蕤宾、夷则、无射、大吕、夹钟、仲吕、林钟、南吕、应种

五音又称五声。最古的音阶,仅用五音,即宫、商、角、徵、羽。“五声”一词最早出现于《周礼·春官》:“皆文之以五声,宫商角徵羽。”而“五音”最早见于《孟子·离娄上》:“不以六律,不能正五音。”

古人通常以“宫”作为音阶的第一级音,也是最重要的一个音级,有时借代 “五音”。

扩展资料:

音原理

在声学中,声音的高低(如西洋音乐中的唱名Do、Re、Mi、Fa……)指的是与物体振动的频率。当我们取一简单物体用来定音高时(如竹管、丝弦),则它的频率与其长度是成反比的关系。如果物体的材质固定,长度愈长,声音愈低。

除此之外,当长度减为一半时,频率将变为原先的两倍;长度增成为原先的两倍时,频率成为原先的一半。我们将这种互为二倍数的特殊比例,定义为彼此互为“八度音”。

所以“三分损”(长度变为原先的2/3)与“三分益”(长度变为原先的4/3),彼此之间正是一个“八度音”的关系(4/3 是 2/3 的两倍)。由此,我们便可以从九九八十一的长度出发,试算前述藉由“三分损益”求得的长度,所得到的十二律。

参考资料来源:百度百科—五音十二律

回答2:

回答3:

五音又称五声:即宫、商、角、徵、羽,相当于do re mi sol la.
十二律:古代律学名词,是古代的定音方法。即用三分损益法将一个八度分为十二个不完全相同的半音的一种律制。
各律从低到高依次为:黄钟、大吕、太簇、夹种、姑洗、仲吕、蕤宾、林钟、夷则、南吕、无射、应钟。
十二律又分为阴阳两类,凡属奇数的六种律称阳律,属偶数的六种律称阴律。
另外,奇数各律称 “律”,偶数各律称“吕”,故十二律又简称“律吕”。阳律六:黄钟、太簇、姑洗、蕤宾、夷则、亡射;阴律六:大吕、夹钟、中吕、林钟、南吕、应钟。

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