吴三桂的出生年月日~~~

就是公元几年几月几日~~~~
2025-03-27 07:25:34
推荐回答(6个)
回答1:

吴三桂(1612年—1678年)。明辽东人,祖籍高邮,字长白,锦州总兵吴襄子。以父荫袭军官。崇祯时为辽东总兵,封平西伯,镇守山海关。史载吴三桂部“胆勇倍奋,士气益鼓”,是明末最后一支有战力的铁骑部队。

生平
崇祯四年(1631)八月,皇太极发动「大凌河之役」,吴襄在赴援时逃亡,导致全军覆灭,祖大寿降清,孙承宗罢去,吴襄下狱,乃擢吴三桂为总兵。崇祯十七年(1644)三月初,李自成破大同、真定,北京危急,崇祯任吴三桂为平西伯,飞檄三桂入卫京师,起用吴襄提督京营。

吴三桂奉旨入卫京师,十六日抵山海关,一路上“迁延不急行,简阅步骑”,二十日抵达河北丰润时,李自成领导的农民起义军已进入北京,崇祯自缢景山(煤山),三桂则引兵退保山海关。李自成曾多次招降,吴三桂再三犹豫,李自成害怕清兵入关,决定「灭吴保关」,于是发兵二十馀万,4月13日,由李自成亲率大军,奔赴山海关攻讨吴三桂。22日,吴军初败,吴三桂求救于多尔衮,引清兵入关,在一片石战役中联合清军击溃李自成(传说因爱妾陈圆圆被李自成掳劫,吴梅村有诗证:「恸哭三军俱缟素,冲冠一怒为红颜」。)他为清军先驱,镇压陕、川等地农民军。后会同多尼等进攻南明云贵等地,并引兵入缅,迫缅王交出南明永历帝,处死。被清朝封为平西王,管理云南贵州地区,形成割据势力。由于他作为汉人,一直与满清勾结,故他的行为在中国历史一直被视为「汉奸」的写照。

顺治十七年,朝廷以赋税不足,令吴三桂裁减兵员。吴三桂将绿营及投诚兵从六万人减至二万四千人,汰弱存强,留下的全是精锐之师。康熙十二年(1673年)康熙议撤藩,于是吴三桂联合平南王世子尚之信、靖南王耿精忠及广西将军孙延龄、陕西提督王辅臣等以反清复明为号召起兵反清,自称周王、天下招讨大元帅,史称三藩之乱。康熙十七年(1678年)在湖南衡阳称帝,国号为周,建元昭武。同年在长沙病逝。

清朝张茂稷〈读史偶感〉:“李陵心事久风尘,三十年来讵卧薪?复楚未能先覆楚,帝秦何必又亡秦。丹心早为红颜改,青史难宽白发人。永夜角声应不寐,那堪思子又思亲。”

吴三桂与「圆圆曲」
吴三桂降清后,文人对之讽刺不绝,其中最著名的莫过于吴伟业所写的「圆圆曲」。

由于世人将吴三桂变节归咎于其爱妾陈圆圆被掳,令吴三桂为夺回陈氏而出卖国家,吴梅村以西施讽今,谱下七言长诗「圆圆曲」,指出陈圆圆无一丝损害国家之举,责任应在吴三桂。

虽然晚清名家王国维比较圆圆曲与唐化诗人白居易之长恨歌时认为前者不若白氏之平白,境界逊后者一筹。然无可否认,吴伟业能将西施与陈圆圆之际遇融合得丝丝入扣。但最令吴三桂介怀的却是诗中中段几句与西施无关,矛头直指吴三桂的诗句:

「尝闻倾国与倾城,翻使周郎受重名。妻子岂应关大计?英雄无奈是多情。全家白骨成灰土,一代红妆照汗青!」

此段不但为陈圆圆开脱,更露骨地讽刺吴三桂卖国外另一令人不齿的原因:其家人均因其投清而被李自成所杀。吴三桂曾出重金希望吴伟业删改上述几句,然为吴伟业所拒绝。

回答2:

吴三桂(1612年—1678年)字长伯。明辽东人,祖籍江苏高邮。武举出身,锦州总兵吴襄子,以战功及父荫授都指挥,崇祯四年(1631)八月,皇太极发动「大凌河之役」,吴襄在赴援时逃亡,导致全军覆灭,祖大寿降清,孙承宗罢去,吴襄下狱,乃擢吴三桂为辽东总兵官,镇守山海关。史载吴三桂部“胆勇倍奋,士气益鼓”,是明末最后一支有战力的铁骑部队。

几月几日,史书无记载.

回答3:

公元1612年

回答4:

公元1612

回答5:

明万历四十年(1612年),吴三桂降生在中后所城一个低级军官之家。吴三桂生年,史书极少记载,惟孙旭撰《平吴录》记为壬子年,为万历四十年(1612年)。《清史稿·吴三桂传》只记卒年67岁,以此推算,其生年与孙旭所记吻合。又,其出生地不详,姑存此说。父亲吴襄给他取名三桂,字长白多数史书记为“长白”,《清史稿·吴三桂传》写作“长伯”。其实白与伯读音近似,写法不同。又,《平吴录》:“吴三桂,字硕甫,一字雄爽。”,又一字月先。生母姓氏不详,其继母祖氏是辽西豪族祖大寿的妹妹。据现掌握的材料,三桂排行老二,哥哥叫吴三凤。后来,他又有了一个弟弟,叫吴三辅,两个妹妹。关于三桂的兄弟姐妹人数,各书均无完整记载,已知他弟兄三人,是否还有兄弟,不得而知。至于他的妹妹,各书也极少见载,仅见王永章《甲申日记》记有妹妹两人。他出生的时候,祖父母尚健在。

回答6:

现在百家讲坛正在播纪连海评吴三桂,赶紧回家看.

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