指示剂选择的原则是,凡是变色点的PH范围处于滴定突跃范围内的指示剂都可以用来指示滴定的终点。

2025-04-02 23:22:49
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

2、酚酞在在PH为8的时候会由无色变为红色,那么指示的终点不是中和反应的终点,而是PH为8。
甲基橙是在3.5和4.4会发生两次变色。原则上两种都不能指示PH7反应的终点。
但是由于在5-9之间的PH值加入强酸强碱的变化非常迅速,也可以认为滴定的终点就是中和反应的终点。
1、滴定突跃范围指计量点前半滴和后半滴滴定剂所引起的锥形瓶中溶液PH值的变化范围。当然浓度越小范围越小。
可以参考http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/297244657.html的回答

回答2:

1:在滴定开始时,溶液中存在较多的氢离子,所以ph升高十分缓慢,随着滴定的不断进行,溶液中氢离子含量减少,ph值升高逐渐加快,尤其是当滴定接近化学计量点时,溶液中剩余的氢离子已极少,ph升高极快,所以在化学计量点附近的ph变化很大,而滴入量却很少。如只要滴很少的体积就会使氢离子浓度1*10^(-6)变到1*10^(-7)。我们把化学计量点前后+-0.1%范围内ph急剧变化称为“滴定突越”。
所以说溶液起始浓度低,则起始ph值相对较高,所以突越范围(突越区间)相对较小。
2:强酸滴定强碱可以用酚酞做指示剂,酚酞的变色范围为8.2到10,溶液是从无色变到浅色的粉红,此时碱是过量了的,不过碱的浓度也只有1*10^(-6)到1*10^(-5)之间,误差不超过+-0.1%。我们认为是滴定到化学计量点了,再加上人眼本身就有0.3ph的观察误差,所以没有绝对的恰好中和。

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