崔瑶的文言文《座右铭》怎么翻译?

2025-04-05 15:52:29
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

《座右铭》的翻译如下:

不要津津乐道于人家的短处,不要夸耀自己的长处。施恩于人不要再想,接受别人的恩惠千万不要忘记。世人的赞誉不值得羡慕,只要把仁爱作为自己的行动准则就行了。隐藏自己的真心,不要盲动,审度是否合乎仁而后行动,别人的诽谤议论对自己又有何妨害?不要使自己的名声超过实际,守之以愚是圣人所赞赏的。

洁白的品质,即使遇到黑色的浸染也不改变颜色,才是宝贵的。表面上暗淡无光,而内在的东西蕴含着光芒。柔弱是生存的根本,因此老子力戒逞强好胜,刚强者必死。浅陋固执刚直,小人却以此为美德而坚持。君子悠悠,内敛而不锋芒毕露,别人就难以估摸透啊!君子要慎言,节饮食,知足不辱,故能去除不祥。如果持久地实行它,久而久之,自会芳香四溢。

《座右铭》赏析

此文在艺术上有两点很突出。一是在结构上,每两句构成一个意思,而且这两句的意思往往又是相反、相对甚至相矛盾的。作者正是通过这种对立、矛盾,突出了主观选择的价值和意义,显示出戛戛独造的修养和品德来。这样,全文的结构便由这两句一意的单元所组成,颇类似后世律诗的结构。

二是在语言上,采用五言形式。铭文这种形式,一般都是用在比较正规的场合,开国大典,盖世奇功,往往刻山勒石,以传诸后世。听以它多采用四言形式,以示典雅庄重;叩以《文选》所收铭文为例,前有班固《封燕然山铭》,后有张载《剑阁铭》,都是四言形式。而崔瑗比文,则通篇采用五言形式;确颇独特。

回答2:

原文 译文 无道人之短,无说己之长。(不要揭别人的短。不要说自己的长。) 施人慎勿念,受施慎勿忘。(帮过别人要忘记,人有恩惠不能忘。) 俗誉不足慕,唯仁为纪纲。(世俗荣誉不足羡,处世以仁为纪纲。) 隐身而后动,谤议庸何伤。(甘于幕后做好事,诽谤非议有何妨。) 无使名过实,守愚圣所臧。(千万不要务虚名,不显聪明人自彰。) 柔弱生之徒,老氏诫刚强。(柔弱最有生命力,老子主张柔克刚。) 在涅贵不缁,暧暧内含光。(人处污黑身不染,身处逆境心有光。) 硁硁鄙夫介,悠悠故难量。(浅陋固执乃小人,君子悠悠有雅量。) 慎言节饮食,知足胜不祥。(言谈谨慎食有节,知足常乐免祸殃。) 行之苟有恒,久久自芬芳。(持之以恒去实践,日久天长品德芳。)

文言文”是相对于“白话文”而言。 第一个“文”,是书面文章的意思。“言”,是写、表述、记载等的意思。“文言”,即书面语言,“文言”是相对于“口头语言”而言,“口头语言”也叫“白话”。 最后一个“文”,是作品、文章等的意思,表示的是文种。 文言文的意思就是指“用书面语言写成的文章”。而“白话文”的意思就是:“用常用的直白的口头语言写成的文章”。 在我国古代,要表述同一件事,用口头语言及用书面语言来表述,是不同的,例如,想问某人是否吃饭了,用口头语言表述,是“吃饭了吗?”,而用书而语言进行表述,就是“饭否?”。“饭否”就是文言文。我国的古代,所有的文章都是用书面语言写成的。所以,现在我们一般将古文称为“文言文” 中国的文言文是中国文化的瑰宝,古人为我们留下了大量的文言文,在国内,中学语文课程中,文言文的学习更是占了很大的分量。

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