甲醛浓度标准应少于多少PpM?

2025-04-04 07:00:13
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

禁止使用使直接与皮肤接触的纺织品的甲醛量超过30ppm和使所有其它纺织品的甲醛量超过300ppm的纺织助剂,如含超标甲醛量的羊毛保护剂、固色剂、交联剂、粘合剂等。

限制纺织染料中游离的和部分能水解产生的甲醛量,保证在织物上游离的和部分能水解产生的甲醛量对直接与皮肤接触的纺织品来说不能超过30ppm,而对所有其它纺织品来说不能超过300ppm。

扩展资料:

甲醛应用领域:

一、化学工业

用于生产聚甲醛(POM)。一般,甲醛溶液(55%)需经浓缩至75%以上,进行第一步聚合反应,生成三聚甲醛,然后以三聚甲醛为反应单体,加入适量二氧五环作为共聚单体,进行第二步聚合反应,得到长链聚甲醛。

二、木材工业

用于生产脲醛树脂和酚醛树脂。脲醛树脂是由甲醛和尿素按一定的摩尔比混合而成。以一定的摩尔比,甲醛与苯酚反应合成了酚醛树脂。甲醛在木材加工业中不可替代的地位正在被MDI胶所取代。

三、纺织产业

为了达到防皱、防缩、阻燃的效果,或保持印染的耐久性,或改善手感,应在添加剂中加入甲醛。棉织物中甲醛助剂较多,由于纯棉纺织品易起皱,使用含甲醛助剂可以提高棉织物的硬度。

参考资料来源:百度百科—甲醛

回答2:

  1. 国家有两种标准:

  2. 一种是建筑标准国家要求的空气中含量最高为0.08毫克/立方米。

  3. 第二种是装修标准卫生部要求的空气中含量最高为0.1毫克/立方米。

  • 甲醛是一种无色、有强烈刺激性气味的气体。易溶于水、醇和醚。甲醛在常温下是气态,通常以水溶液形式出现。35~40%的甲醛水溶液叫做福尔马林。甲醛分子中有醛基生缩聚反应,可以得到酚醛树脂。

  • 甲醛的主要危害表现为对皮肤粘膜的刺激作用。甲醛在室内达到一定浓度时,人就有不适感,大于0.08m3的甲醛浓度可引起眼红,咽喉不适或疼痛、声音嘶哑、皮炎等,可参考“木童除醛三步法”进行治理。

  • 甲醛是一种重要的有机原料,主要用于塑料工业(如制酚醛树脂、脲醛塑料—电玉)、合成纤维,皮革工业、染料等。福尔马林具有杀菌和防腐能力,可浸制生物标本,其稀溶液农业上可用来浸种。工业上常用催化氧化法由甲醇制取甲醛。

  • 甲醛可与银氨溶液产生银镜反应,使试管内壁上附着一薄层光亮如镜的金属银与新制的氢氧化铜悬浊液反应生成红,色沉淀氧化亚铜。

  • 无色水溶液或气体。有刺激性气味。液体在较冷时久贮易混浊,在低温时则形成三聚甲醛沉淀。蒸发时有一部分甲醛逸出,但多数变成三聚甲醛。 

  • 甲醛属用途广泛、原料供应充足的大众化工产品,甲醇下游产品树中的主干,世界年产量在2500万吨左右,30%左右的甲醇都用来生产甲醛。但甲醛是一种浓度较低的水溶液,从经济角度考虑不便于长距离运输,一般都在主消费市场附近设厂,进出口贸易也极少。

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