推荐回答(1个)
硬度涂层带来的高表面硬度是提高刀具寿命的最佳方式之一。一般而言,材料或表面的硬 度越高,刀具的寿命越长。氮碳化钛(TiCN)涂层比氮化钛(TiN)涂层具有更高的硬度。 由于增加了含碳量,使 TiCN 涂层的硬度提高了 33%,其硬度变化范围为 3000~4000HV(取 决于制造商) 。 表面硬度高达 9000HV 的 CVD 金刚石涂层在刀具上的应用已较为成熟, 与 PVD 涂层刀具相比, CVD 金刚石刀具寿命提高了 10~20 倍。 金刚石涂层的高硬度和切削速度可比 未涂层刀具提高 2~3 倍的能力,使其成为非铁族材料切削加工的不错选择。
2.耐磨性耐磨性是指涂层抗抵磨损的能力。虽然某些工件材料本身硬度可能并不太高,但在 生产过程中添加的元素和采用的工艺可能会引起刀具切削刃崩或磨钝。
3.表面润滑性高摩擦因数会增加切削热,导致涂层寿命缩短甚至失效。而降低摩擦因数可以 大大延长刀具寿命。 细腻光滑或纹理规则的涂层表面有助于降低切削热, 因为光滑的表面可 使切削迅速滑离前刀面而减少热量的产生。 与未涂层刀具相比, 表面润滑性更好的涂层刀具 还能以更高的切削速度进行加工,从而进一步避免与工件材料发生高温熔焊。
4.氧化温度氧化温度是指涂层开始分解时的温度值。氧化温度他越高,对在高温条件下的切 削加工越有利。 虽然 TiALN 涂层在高温下仍能保持其硬度的原因在于它可在刀具与切屑之间 形成一层氧化铝,氧化铝层可将热量从刀具传入工件或切屑。与高速钢刀具相比,硬质合金 刀具的切削速度通常更高,这就使 TiALN 成为硬质合金刀具的首选涂层,硬质合金钻头和立 铣刀通常采用这种 PVD TiALN 涂层。
5.抗粘结性涂层的抗粘结性可防止或减轻刀具与被加工材料发生化学反应, 避免工件材料沉 积在刀具上。在加工非铁金属(如铝、黄铜等)时,刀具上经常会产生积屑瘤,从而造成刀 具崩刃或工件尺寸超差。一旦被加工材料开始粘附在道具上,粘附就会不断扩大。例如,用 成形丝锥加工铝质工件时, 加工完每个孔后丝锥上粘附的铝都会增加, 以至最后是的丝锥直 径变得过大, 造成工件尺寸超差而报废。 具有良好粘结性的涂层甚至在冷却液性能不良或浓 度不足的加工场合也能起到很好的作用。
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