什么是叶面追肥?有哪些特点?

2025-03-16 20:04:47
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

叶面追肥是将辣椒生长发育需要的营养以液体的形式直接喷施到蔬菜的茎叶和果实表面上,由叶面、茎表和果面直接吸收进体内。
叶面追肥的主要特点是:
(1)养分的利用率比较高叶面施肥,养分不接触土壤,可避免土壤施肥中存在的土壤固定养分的弊病,养分的利用率比较高。(2)肥效快叶面施肥,叶面上的养分可直接被叶面吸收进体内,避免了土壤施肥后,需要经根系吸收,再由茎干运输到叶片中,需要时间较长,发挥作用慢的不足。例如,叶面喷施尿素,其发挥肥效的时间要比土壤施肥提早3天左右。再比如,叶面喷施磷肥,施肥后5分钟,便可吸收并输送到根、生长点和嫩叶中,而土壤施肥则需要15天才能到达相同的部位。(3)施肥均匀叶面施肥采取喷雾方式,易于将肥液均匀喷到叶面上,施肥的均匀性比较好,一些施肥量比较少的微量元素进行叶面施肥,往往可以收到比较好的施肥效果。(4)容易发生叶面肥害叶面施肥浓度过高时或施肥时机不当时,容易造成叶片变色、脱水、卷曲、萎蔫、青枯,甚至脱落。(5)施肥后增加空气湿度叶面施肥的肥液中,一般99%以上的成分为水,大量的水以雾的形式被喷到温室内后,能够明显地加大空气湿度,从而不利于防病。(6)肥效短叶面施肥的施肥量比较少,施肥一次,其有效供肥期一般只有几天的时间,需要多次施肥,才能满足供应。因此,叶面施肥只能作为土壤施肥的补充,而不能代替土壤施肥。

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