推荐回答（1个）
转载：《分析测试百科网》
原子吸收分光光度法与紫外分光光度的区别
1．试比较原子吸收分光光度法与紫外-可见分光光度法有哪些异同点?
答：相同点：二者都为吸收光谱,吸收有选择性,主要测量溶液,定量公式：A=kc,仪器结构具有相似性．
不同点：原子吸收光谱法 紫外――可见分光光度法
(1) 原子吸收 分子吸收
(2) 线性光源 连续光源
(3) 吸收线窄,光栅作色散元件 吸收带宽,光栅或棱镜作色散元件
(4) 需要原子化装置 (吸收池不同) 无
(5) 背景常有影响,光源应调制
(6) 定量分析 定性分析、定量分析
(7) 干扰较多,检出限较低 干扰较少,检出限较低
2．试比较原子发射光谱法（AES）、原子吸收光谱法（AAS）、原子荧光光谱法有哪些异同点?
答：相同点：属于原子光谱,对应于原子的外层电子的跃迁；是线光谱,用共振线灵敏度高,均可用于定量分析．
不同点：原子发射光谱法 原子吸收光谱法 原子荧光光谱法
(1)原理 发射原子线和离子线 基态原子的吸收 自由原子(光致发光)
发射光谱 吸收光谱 发射光谱
(2)测量信号 发射谱线强度 吸光度 荧光强度
(3)定量公式 lgR=lgA + blgc A=kc If=kc
(4)光源作用不同 使样品蒸发和激发 线光源产生锐线 连续光源或线光源
(5)入射光路和检测光路 直线 直线 直角
(6)谱线数目 可用原子线和 原子线(少) 原子线(少)
离子线(谱线多)
(7)分析对象 多元素同时测定 单元素 单元素、多元素
(8)应用 可用作定性分析 定量分析 定量分析
(9)激发方式 光源 有原子化装置 有原子化装置
(10)色散系统 棱镜或光栅 光栅 可不需要色散装置
(但有滤光装置)
(11)干扰 受温度影响严重 温度影响较小 受散射影响严重
(12)灵敏度 高 中 高
(13)精密度 稍差 适中 适中
按照电磁辐射的本质,光谱又可分为分子光谱和原子光谱.分子光谱是由于分子中电子能级变化而产生的.原子光谱可分为发射光谱、原子吸收光谱、原子荧光光谱和X- 射线以及X- 射线荧光光谱.前三种涉及原子外层电子跃迁,后两种涉及内层电子的跃迁.目前一般认为原子光谱仅包括前三种.原子发射光谱分析是基于光谱的发射现象；原子吸收光谱分析是基于对发射光谱的吸收现象；原子荧光光谱分析是基于被光致激发的原子的再发射现象.
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