介词短语做定语、不定式做定语、分词短语做定语、油连接词引导的定语，它们的区别？怎么一眼看出用哪个？

哪方面的区别？可以说没有区别。就像问用塑料袋装的包子和用纸袋装的包子有什么区别一样。
怎么看出来？介词短语作定语 当然是通过看名词后有介词看出来 in on at under over of about for with around between 等等这些
不定式作定语 当然是看到名词后有to+动词原形就可以判断
分词有现在分词和过去分词 现在分词就是动词ing形式 所以名词后紧跟ing 很可能就是现在分词作定语 过去分词分规则和不规则 规则都是ed 不规则要逐一去背 发现名词后面有过去分词 基本就是过去分词作定语
连接词作定语 其实就是定语从句 常见连词that which who whom whose where when why
至于该用什么类型定语修饰名词 这就说来话长了 有时其实他们之间可以互换 记住 所有定语都可以改成定语从句 或者说都是从定语从句简化过去的
举桐扰团例子
a boy under the tree(介词短语作定语)= a boy who is under the tree(定语从句作定语)
a smart boy(形容词作定语)= a boy who is smart(定语从句作定语)
a frightened boy(过去分词作定语)= a boy who is frightened(定语从句作定语)
an interesting boy(现在分词作定语)= a boy who is interesting(定语从句作定语)
就李闹先说这么多
The storm made it more difficult for the soldiers to rescue the people trapped in the fire. 你举的例子大概就这么翻译。用的是局橘过去分词短语作定语，trapped in the fire修饰the people。相当于the people who were trapped in the fire.

你举个例子吧