北方哪里的樱花最便宜?

2025-03-21 19:33:55
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

据说,现在的雾霾这么严重,空气质量这么差,越来越讲究绿化了,厂区绿化,小区绿化,公路绿化,别墅绿化等,...☎...13783888490 吴先生,生活质量都提高了,更要注意环境美化了,各种苗木、花木、价'格,绿'化'设'计'方'案,一级'资'质'证等等。靠谱,没毛病
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1标准爬升方式

以等表速/等马赫数爬升

通常使用恒定的指示空速(IAS)和马赫数进行爬升。标准爬升剖面例如为:250kt/280kt/M0.78

因此,爬升可以被划分为3个阶段:

1)低于10,000英尺:以恒定的IAS=250海里/小时爬升。速度受空中交通管制规定的限制。

2)高于10,000英尺:以恒定的IAS=280海里/小时爬升。(限制到M0.78)。在10,000英尺,飞机加速到更优的爬升速度(280海里/小时),只要马赫数小于0.78就保持这个速度。

3)高于转换高度:以恒定的马赫数=M0.78爬升。转换高度是280海里/小时的IAS等于M0.78的高度。

2爬升受力分析

图1爬升阶段受力分析

图1给出了爬升阶段作用在飞机上的不同的力受力分析情况,把飞机简化为一个质点,爬升阶段作用在飞机上的四个力如图:沿着飞行航迹方向的推力T以及方向相反的气动阻力D,沿着竖轴方向垂直于水平轴线的重力W,垂直于飞行航迹方向的升力L。对于稳定匀速爬升,沿飞行航迹方向的力平衡可表达为方程(1):

3爬升性能的计算

爬升性能计算方法如下:选取以标准爬升剖面,以高度间隔为爬升过程剖面的数据状态点作为数据处理的数据点,取高度间隔为?驻h,给出在爬升阶段的爬升速度、爬升时间、爬升水平距离以及爬升所需燃油这些参数随高度的变化。按照下列公式计算爬升性能参数:爬升过程中根据上一节爬升受力分析平衡等式。

4影响爬升性能的因素分析

影响爬升性能因素分析,爬升性能的计算分析是在一定计算条件下得到的,改变这些计算条件,我们分别讨论如气压高度,大气温度,飞行重量,风等参数对爬升性能的影响,讨论如下:

1)气压高度

由于空气密度随气压高度的上升而降低,爬升推力和阻力减小。但是,因为阻力减小的速度比可用推力的减小的速度慢,推力和阻力间的差值减小。因此,由于剩余推力小,爬升梯度和爬升率随气压高度的上升而减小。

2)大气温度

随着温度的升高,空气密度随着温度增高而降低,所以温度增高的影响与高度增大的影响类似,导致爬升梯度和爬升率都减小。由于空气密度变低,推力减小。结果,将产生高度相同的影响。

3)飞行重量

爬升梯度和爬升率与飞机重量成反比,因此对于给定的发动机额定推力、高度和爬升速度,重量的任何增加都会导致爬升梯度和爬升率的减小。

4)风

爬升到巡航高度的过程中,遇到水平逆风或者顺风,只改变爬升的地面距离,不影响爬升到巡航高度的时间和燃油消耗量。

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